What time did Rome rule the whole Mediterranean? Spartans lost from the Theban "oblique" phalanx.Its evolution,the Macedonian Phalanx, crushed the Thebans.And the Roman legion in most occasions won the phallanx (it lost sometimes though,f.e. It would be a legion (about 5,000 men) against 5,000 Spartans. Previous question Next question Transcribed Image Text from this Question. the great naval that was defeated by the Roman legions. The Phalanx was certainly inflexible. Salt allowence. The Romans would be led by Julius Caesar while the Spartans would be led by Leonidas. or it would end in a draw. 5 points. The latifundias produced olive groves and vineyards. 290 BC. Armed with spears or pikes, standing shoulder to shoulder with shields interlocking, the men of the phalanx presented an impenetrable wall of wood and metal to the enemy. There are still records of the I Italica on the Danube border at the beginning of the 5th century. open area i a city filled with public buildings, temples, and markets, a government in which citizens have a right to vote and elect officials, a basic unit of the army consisting of 4,500 - 5,000 men, unit of the army between 60 and 160 men (they were efficient if they were on flat terrain). What were the advantages of a legion compared to a phalanx? The Roman state, however, and its keen administrative ability and unprecedented power to muster and deploy forces with astonishing speed, defeated almost every state it was pit against. How was a Roman legion different from a Greek phalanx? The titanic struggle between Rome and Carthage had prevented the Roman's from pursuing a policy of all out war against the Greeks. To date, about 50 have been identified. Start studying Final Review. Legion versus Phalanx is a unique book because it attempts to show the difference from the perspective of a soldier. Furthermore, by the time Rome faced Macedon the Macedonian army had become a 1 trick pony; gone were the days of Philip & Alexander's combined … When Carthage took Sicily, Rome also wanted Sicily's granaries (source of wheat). The legions no longer protected the Roman frontier as they turned to looting the wealthy provinces of Italy and Greece. Romans got some of their alphabet from the Etruscans. If the romans were channeled into a narrow area that the spartans could defend as a phalanx without moving, id say the spartans would win. The epithet Italica is a reference to the Italian origin of its first recruits. What are the 4 units in the legion ? foreigners serving in a Roman legion. Legion vs phalanx is the worst descriptor. However the Romans did give some of their Gods different names and duties than those of the Greek Gods. PLAY. gauls. Etymology. Viewers discretion is advised! Phalanx was unbeatable when it faces enemy. It was also weak on the flanks, especially on the right. Legio X: The Tenth Mounted Legion was the personal legion of Julius Caesar. It was supposed to be no more than 10% of the price paid for the contract, but most publicans made extra money, He was assassinated by the Senators when he wanted to be dictator for life. The phalanx was a big square of destruction. Spartans lost from the Theban "oblique" phalanx.Its evolution,the Macedonian Phalanx, crushed the Thebans.And the Roman legion in most occasions won the phallanx (it lost sometimes though,f.e. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. And at the beginning of the battle, the Macedonian Phalanx did succeed in pushing back the Roman Legions, but without good … The video starts off with what can be termed as the first solid formation of the Roman army (when Rome was still a city-state kingdom). The less rugged terrain helped unite the peninsula. Phyrrus) What I'm trying to say is that, back in 400 BC Spartans could crash a Roman army.100-150 years later though they would propably crashed. According to Cicero, Romans, compared to other peoples were. How often? Each consul of the Roman Republic had the power to ______________ or __________ ______ _____ the acts of the other. The Romans sent the wagons against them, with some initial success. 218BC Hannibal Barca attacked Roman Army by land, Reason for most farms being destroyed during the 2nd Punic War. It's worth wondering why. Find evidence to support the idea that the Romans were open to the influence of foreign cultures. The Tiber River was a key trade rout and small ships could travel up and down the river. PLAY.

From the time of Ancient Sumeria, the heavy infantry phalanx dominated the battlefield. far more likely to reverence the gods. When? Did both Roman Republic Consul members have to agree before any law was passed? It needed better drill, a better command structure and better individual training and discipline to stand against other organised heavy infantry. Legion, a military organization, originally the largest permanent organization in the armies of ancient Rome. At first, under the Etruscan Kings, the massive Greek phalanx was the mode of battle. Arguably the greatest strength of the Roman legion was its ability to adapt and overcome; flexibility of formation gained Scipio Africanus his ultimate victory over Hannibal at Zama and thus eliminated Rome’s greatest rival in the Mediterranean. A Roman legion was the basic military unit of the ancient Roman army in the period of the late Roman Republic and the Roman Empire.It was roughly equivalent to the modern word division.In the plural, the legions, it may mean the entire Roman army. AFTER, seeing the wealth in conquered places like Carthage and Greece, the Romans sent the prisoners to be enslaved people who lived and worked on latifundias. Houston. What you're actually comparing is Roman heavy infantry, or even better described, line infantry, so the Hastati, Principes, Triarii. STUDY. The Greeks used armies of massed infantry standing very close together, all joined as one giant unit. STUDY. This made the the legions extremely versatile in battle when compared to the phalanx. When the next four are selected the tribunes of the second legion have the first choice, and those of the first the last. Some descriptions of the testudo discriminate betw… It was also the name of the military insignia carried by such unit.. Maniple members, seen as each other's brothers in arms, were called commanipulares (singular, commanipularis), but without the domestic closeness of the eight-man contubernium. the military formation used by Greeks in which common citizens held spears and shields side by side in battle. 146 BC. The Greek Phalanx. Here is the post by Bares laying out the cases of phalanx vs legion. Pikeman pretty much cease to exist after Rome defeated them in Greece and Anatolia. These assessments describe the success of Rome on a very broad scale. Expert Answer . Then the men leading the elephants stopped driving them forward and threw down spears. Less Easily Maneuvered. While Hannibal's soldiers were in Italy (roaming), they lived off the land. The Greeks used armies of massed infantry standing very close together, all joined as one giant unit. wars between Greece and the Persian Empire which began in Ionia on the coast of Anatolia. the roman legions were created as a result of this group sacking Rome. What time did Rome control the center? Information about the Roman Legions of the Imperial Period. Pyrrhus ordered the elephants to charge the part of the Roman line which was in difficulty. A strong organized Roman Army/Divisions of Roman soldiers. But it’s not a flaw, just an inevitable trade-off. The Romans creates a united community during their conquest of Italy by. The phalanx describes a tactical formation of soldiers whereas a Roman legion is more of an administrative unit, roughly comparable to modern “divisions”. The Romans identified their gods with those of the Greeks. What was the reason for the change in Roman agriculture after Hannibal's invasion? The hoplites were heavy infantry; armored with helmet, breastplate, greaves and a bronze round shield. Define salarium. The backbone of the 15,000-men-strong Roman army was the legion. However, when confronted with more advanced infantry formations, such as the Macedonian pike phalanx or the Roman manipular legion (or even the Spartan phalanx), the hoplite phalanx almost invariably crumbled. Roman legion. This assertion undoubtedly has much merit given the number of men the Romans lost during that conflict (roughly 100,000 in the first two years alone). They had to be in the army from 20-25 years. Veto say no to. I'm going to play the devils advocate on this one, because I think most people are going to support the Spartans. A Roman legion (from Latin legio "military levy, conscription", from legere "to choose") normally indicates the basic ancient Roman army unit recruited specifically from Roman citizens. The Roman Phalanx – Roman hoplite (on right) fighting against the Etruscan warriors. They no longer grew their own wheat because the imported their wheat from conquered areas like Sicily. The Macedonian phalanx repulsed the first Roman legion and the Latins who fought alongside it. the leader of Carthage who led elephants into Italy. What were the role of enslaved people in agriculture? The best descriptions of the formations come from the historian Polybius. It was founded in 65 B.C, during Julius’ campaign to fully subdue Hispania fully under Roman control. Detractors of the former point out that in many engagements between the two (such as at Pydna and Cynosephalae), the legion was the clear victor, and hence represented a superior system. history question, please help. How long did the soldiers have to be in the army for? The main mountains that helped to protect them were the Alps Mountains to the north, and the Tiber River, which flowed through Rome and was 15 miles from the Mediterranean Sea. The basic structure of both the Greek Phalanx and the Roman Legion were quite different from one another. A strong organized Roman Army/Divisions of Roman soldiers. stoning. Define legions. The Roman manipular legion and the Macedonian phalanx were each pivotal factors in the successes of their states, but was one formation actually better than the … The primary weapon used in the Greek phalanx was a longer type of spear known as a sarissa pike. The Roman empire developed much later than the Greek empire thus the Romans copied almost everything that the Greeks had developed over time, such as art, literature and Gods. BEFORE the last Punic War, enslaved people were NOT used in agriculture. The phalanxes of Alexander the Great humbled the armies of the mighty Persian Empire, while Roman legions conquered Italy, Carthage, and Gaul. WAB Macedonian Phalanx vs. Roman Legion. Each consul of the Roman Republic had the power to _____ or _____ _____ _____ the acts of the other. What was the publicans role in tax contracts? YES. Maniple (Latin: manipulus, lit. The early Roman army, however, was a different thing altogether than the later imperial army. Some Greeks were settled in Italy before the Romans. #WolfAndKaisaYou´ve never seen a Rome II battle like this!! Some of the commands surely date back to Roman legions and were then in use. Soldiers. What is a legion? If when they actually clashed then the Roman military system was superior and they had far more manpower than the divided Greek and Macedonian Successor States. The legion was raised by Caesar and served throughout the Gallic Campaign. In the early Roman Kingdom legion may have meant the entire Roman army, but sources on this period are few and unreliable. The organization of legions varied greatly over time but they were typically composed of up to 5,400 soldiers, originally divided into 10 maniples and later into cohorts each with 480 soldiers. Show transcribed image text. See Chart at School. Specialist units are, by their very nature, inflexible. Two distract heavier units. The term legion also denotes the military system by which imperial Rome conquered and ruled the ancient world. I particularly enjoyed how Cole went beyond just the warfare elements. The term legion also denotes the military system by which imperial Rome conquered and ruled the ancient world. From the time of Ancient Sumeria, the heavy infantry phalanx dominated the battlefield. hannibal . Rome's disposal of sewage was . Roman Legions. Raised in ancient Greece, Polybius fought in Hellenic battles before being sent to Rome as a hostage, though he was given great freedoms during his stay. Rarely Successful. Armed with spears or pikes, standing shoulder to shoulder with shields interlocking, the men of the phalanx presented an impenetrable wall of wood and metal to the enemy. Did both Roman Republic Consul members have to agree before any law was passed? The Roman legion could fight the phalanx head-on and decimate it. Where The Roman Republic Consuls chosen or elected? Peter Connolly captures the action as the phalanx pins and pushes back the Romans on the level ground. Find evidence to support the idea that the Romans were open to the influence of foreign cultures. In the foreground, a maniple has exploited a gap in the arrayed pikes of the white shield phalanx. A key moment in Roman … If all-round protection was needed, men on the flanks and at the rear could also present and lock their nearly metre-wide shields together, their sharply curved fronts forming an excellent missile barrier. The phalanx was much better working on defense than offense. Compared to the tightly packed spearmen of the phalanx, the Roman heavy infantry, through their training and discipline, and operating in conjunction with light foot and cavalry, could quickly adopt a number of methods and formations depending on the situation. Or maniples. Large warships could not travel up the shallow river. They paid for the contracts and then they would collect taxes from the conquered people. Phyrrus) What I'm trying to say is that, back in 400 BC Spartans could crash a Roman army.100-150 years later though they would propably crashed. The legions stopped using the traditional phalanx formation that was developed by Greek warriors and instead began to fight with more open lines and swords instead of spears. ... command compared with the Carthaginians. Some Greeks were … How did Italy's geography help Rome unite the peninsula? by Jeff Jonas. The Romans never trained troops in that fashion and as far as I know, never had auxiliaries fight like that. helots. Historians and students of the field alike have often compared the Hellenistic-era phalanx with the Roman legion, in an attempt to ascertain which of the formations was truly better. It was cut off from other lands by sea and mountains. A legion was about 5,000 men in several cohorts of heavy infantry (legionaries). The Roman legion was the largest military unit of the Roman army. 5. BRING IT HOME!! The phalanx, though very powerful head on, was not as flexible as the Roman manipular formation and thus unable to adapt to changing conditions on the battlefield or break away from an engagement if necessary. With the next four the tribunes of the third legion have the first choice, those of the second the last; and so on in regular rotation: of which the result is that each legion gets men of much the same standard. A military group (5,000 soldiers) What is the equivalence of a legionary? And quite unsurprisingly, the Roman military system of this time was inspired by its more-advanced neighbor (and enemy) – the Etruscans. Legio I Italica ("First Italian Legion") was a legion of the Imperial Roman army founded by emperor Nero on September 22, 66 (the date is attested by an inscription). Less Easily Maneuvered. The two terms aren’t exactly comparable. Roman legionaries, because they are more maneuverable. But I didn't know I'd learn so much. The phalanx is a tightly packed bunch of men in which, almost irregardless of your weapon (you can pick any one of 100 around the world in any combination) you were destined to loose. Whereas when King Perseus fought the Roman Legions at Pydna, he had forsaken the Combined Arms approach and reverted back to a full Phalanx force, the kind of force his ancestor King Alexander had defeated many a times with his Combined Arms approach. the small farms had produced wheat for food. I think that a interesting point. This question hasn't been answered yet Ask an expert. Source: WeaponsandWarfare. Less Suited To Mountain Terrain. After the fall of mighty Carthage in the Second Punic War (202 BC) Rome began to prepare for the invasion of Greece. A legion was roughly of brigade size, composed of 4,200 infantry and 300 cavalry in the republican period, extended to 5,200 infantry and 120 auxilia in the imperial period. Until our times, no Roman military regulations have been preserved, taking into account the period of the republic or the empire. Mostly, they would just be able to outflank the spartans. Makes sense since the phalanx was only one part of the Hellenic Army, often not the main effort. I am not sure if I would say that the Romans were more maneuverable per se as we dont really have any examples of Roman legionnaires simply running around phalangites however they … Question: Compared With The Phalanx, The Roman Legion Was O More Flexible And Adaptable. The Macedonian phalanx and the Roman legion are perhaps the most famous tactical formations in antiquity. The Roman manipular legion and the Macedonian phalanx were each pivotal factors in the successes of their states, but was one formation actually better than the other? Mind you, I was aware that I would learn a lot about the Hellenistic phalanx and the Roman legion. Their weapons were the thrusting spear and the sword. PHALANX vs LEGION . Start studying HIS 101 - Test 1. The sarissa is too long for anyone to reach and formation is too dense for Romans to break it with pilums. Playing straight into the phalanx preference of fighting and force it into buckling destruction.